Hence, no evidence to date favours one platform over the other. Currently, head-to-head comparison in a large clinically, biochemically and radiologically well-characterised cohort is lacking, and between-study comparison of the clinical performances of the ELISA and SIMOA platform is hampered by the dependence of various performance parameters on inherent properties of the study design. In parallel, improved ELISA formats have been developed, with promising clinical performances. In response, ultrasensitive single molecule array (SIMOA) technology was introduced, enabling detection of cerebral amyloidosis through quantification of plasma amyloid ratios. Initially, classical ELISAs failed to accurately detect AD, making them unsuitable for implementation in prescreening. Īlternatively, prescreening using less invasive and less expensive blood-based assays would streamline subject recruitment by reducing the required number of highly accurate amyloid-PET scans to verify cerebral amyloidosis before entering clinical trials. However, the high costs and limited availability of PET, and the invasive nature of both PET and CSF, render these methods impractical for large-scale screening imperative to clinical trial recruitment. PET- and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-based amyloid biomarkers have proven to be valuable in the diagnosis of AD across the entire AD continuum. To this end, surrogate biomarkers for amyloid pathology enable participant inclusion in early AD stages and prevent high screen failure rates. In order to maximise the therapeutic window of slowing down neuronal loss and preventing cognitive decline, clinical trials in AD are shifting towards recruitment of nondemented individuals, including cognitively normal participants with increased cerebral Aβ. Their ensuing spread is associated with progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.
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Β-Amyloid (Aβ) and tau constitute key molecular hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and arise decades before cognitive symptoms. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.